Types of Batteries Used in Electric Vehicles and Their Parameters
Electric Vehicles have boomed up the automobile industries and hit new records leading to a transformation that has implications for the energy sector. The factor most considered and appreciated is less maintenance because of the high-end advanced batteries used in Electric Vehicles. The e-mobility (electric mobility) sector in India is distinguished by the availability of EVs on the supply side and the trend of adoption on the demand side that can be accelerated by an adequate charging infrastructure. Electric vehicles carry limited onboard energy in the form of batteries that needs charging from time to time depending on the size and capacity.
In India, the types of batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) are utilized with some variations based on market demand and availability. There are defining some of the most common types of batteries used in EVs in India and their parameters:
Lithium-ion batteries: Lithium-ion batteries are the most common type and preferred choice of batteries used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density, longer lifespan, and relative safety. The parameters of lithium-ion batteries include capacity (measured in kilowatt-hours or kWh), voltage, and charging time.
Lead-acid batteries: These are still used in some low-speed or neighborhood EVs due to their low cost and widespread availability. Nowadays, these are no longer preferred for traction because offering limited capacity despite being heavyweight. Although, these batteries are easy to produce, recycle, and inexpensive. The parameters of lead-acid batteries are the capacity (measured in ampere-hours or Ah), voltage, and charging time.
Nickel-metal Hydride batteries: These were used in some hybrid vehicles in India, but they are becoming less common as lithium-ion batteries enhance. Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries perform near Ni-Cd technology and have seen success due to the absence of heavy metals. These batteries are rechargeable, portable, and economical and dominated the hybrid vehicle market until the invention of lithium-ion technology. The parameters include capacity (measured in Ah), voltage, and charging time.
Solid-State batteries: This is a relatively new type of battery that has been developed in India specifically for the adoption of EVs. The research has been exploring for a long time to replace the battery’s liquid electrolyte with a solid material either in the form of plastic polymer, inorganic powder, or a mixture of the two. The principle behind the research is to make it possible to increase energy density and stability along with keeping temperature control easier. Although, the soli-state batteries are still in labs and have given a long life span to lithium-ion batteries. The parameters of sodium-ion batteries are still being studied and developed.
Overall, the important parameters of batteries are energy density, capacity, voltage, and charging time. However, cost and availability are also considerable factors in the market, which may influence the choice of battery technology used in EVs.
Significantly, India’s government is supporting the EV industry by introducing different schemes like FAME-1 and FAME-2 to build EV charging ecosystem. The charging ecosystem is the backbone of electric mobility that includes the long-run development of chargers, advanced charging stations, and other services. Simultaneously, industry players have benchmarked the persistence standard in manufacturing high-quality batteries. Industries are putting their best and advancing their research to provide the best solution.
Strikeco is a leading player in the field of manufacturing various types of electric equipment. The vision is to determine and revolutionize the frame of electric mobility in India. The company is recognized to produce and deliver high-quality batteries for electric vehicles, for details call 9424733000.
